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MCP6544-I/ST Datasheet(PDF) 14 Page - Microchip Technology |
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MCP6544-I/ST Datasheet(HTML) 14 Page - Microchip Technology |
14 / 34 page ![]() MCP6541/1R/1U/2/3/4 DS21696E-page 14 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.0 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The MCP6541/2/3/4 family of push-pull output compar- ators are fabricated on Microchip’s state-of-the-art CMOS process. They are suitable for a wide range of applications requiring very low power consumption. 4.1 Comparator Inputs 4.1.1 PHASE REVERSAL The MCP6541/1R/1U/2/3/4 comparator family uses CMOS transistors at the input. They are designed to prevent phase inversion when the input pins exceed the supply voltages. Figure 2-3 shows an input voltage exceeding both supplies with no resulting phase inversion. 4.1.2 INPUT VOLTAGE AND CURRENT LIMITS The ESD protection on the inputs can be depicted as shown in Figure 4-1. This structure was chosen to pro- tect the input transistors, and to minimize input bias current (IB). The input ESD diodes clamp the inputs when they try to go more than one diode drop below VSS. They also clamp any voltages that go too far above VDD; their breakdown voltage is high enough to allow normal operation, and low enough to bypass ESD events within the specified limits. FIGURE 4-1: Simplified Analog Input ESD Structures. In order to prevent damage and/or improper operation of these amplifiers, the circuits they are in must limit the currents (and voltages) at the VIN+ and VIN– pins (see Absolute Maximum Ratings † at the beginning of Section 1.0 “Electrical Characteristics”). Figure 4-3 shows the recommended approach to protecting these inputs. The internal ESD diodes prevent the input pins (VIN+ and VIN–) from going too far below ground, and the resistors R1 and R2 limit the possible current drawn out of the input pin. Diodes D1 and D2 prevent the input pin (VIN+ and VIN–) from going too far above VDD. When implemented as shown, resistors R1 and R2 also limit the current through D1 and D2. FIGURE 4-2: Protecting the Analog Inputs. It is also possible to connect the diodes to the left of the resistors R1 and R2. In this case, the currents through the diodes D1 and D2 need to be limited by some other mechanism. The resistor then serves as in-rush current limiter; the DC current into the input pins (VIN+ and VIN–) should be very small. A significant amount of current can flow out of the inputs when the common mode voltage (VCM) is below ground (VSS); see Figure 2-37. Applications that are high impedance may need to limit the useable voltage range. 4.1.3 NORMAL OPERATION The input stage of this family of devices uses two differential input stages in parallel: one operates at low input voltages and the other at high input voltages. With this topology, the input voltage is 0.3V above VDD and 0.3V below VSS. Therefore, the input offset voltage is measured at both VSS - 0.3V and VDD + 0.3V to ensure proper operation. The MCP6541/1R/1U/2/3/4 family has internally-set hysteresis that is small enough to maintain input offset accuracy (<7 mV) and large enough to eliminate output chattering caused by the comparator’s own input noise voltage (200 µVp-p). Figure 4-3 depicts this behavior. Bond Pad Bond Pad Bond Pad VDD VIN+ VSS Input Stage Bond Pad VIN– V1 MCP6G0X R1 VDD D1 R2 ≥ VSS – (minimum expected V2) 2mA VOUT V2 R2 R3 D2 + – R1 ≥ VSS – (minimum expected V1) 2mA |
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