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AD7715 Datasheet(PDF) 20 Page - Analog Devices |
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AD7715 Datasheet(HTML) 20 Page - Analog Devices |
20 / 41 page Data Sheet AD7715 Rev. E | Page 19 of 40 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The AD7715 is a Σ-Δ ADC with on-chip digital filtering, intended for the measurement of wide dynamic range, low frequency signals such as those in industrial control or process control applications. It contains a Σ-Δ (or charge-balancing) ADC, a calibration microcontroller with on-chip static RAM, a clock oscillator, a digital filter, and a bidirectional serial commu- nications port. The part consumes only 450 μA of power supply current, making it ideal for battery-powered or loop-powered instruments. The part comes in two versions, the AD7715-5 which is specified for operation from a nominal 5 V analog supply (AVDD) and the AD7715-3 which is specified for operation from a nominal 3.3 V analog supply. Both versions can be operated with a digital supply (DVDD) voltage of 3.3 V or 5 V. The part contains a programmable-gain fully differential analog input channel. The selectable gains on this input are 1, 2, 32, and 128 allowing the part to accept unipolar signals of between 0 mV to 20 mV and 0 V to 2.5 V or bipolar signals in the range from ±20 mV to ±2.5 V when the reference input voltage equals 2.5 V. With a reference voltage of 1.25 V, the input ranges are from 0 mV to 10 mV to 0 V to +1.25 V in unipolar mode and from ±10 mV to ±1.25 V in bipolar mode. Note that the bipolar ranges are with respect to AIN(−) and not with respect to AGND. The input signal to the analog input is continuously sampled at a rate determined by the frequency of the master clock, MCLK IN, and the selected gain. A charge-balancing ADC (Σ-Δ mod- ulator) converts the sampled signal into a digital pulse train whose duty cycle contains the digital information. The programmable gain function on the analog input is also incorporated in this Σ-Δ modulator with the input sampling frequency being modified to give the higher gains. A sinc3 digital low-pass filter processes the output of the Σ-Δ modulator and updates the output register at a rate determined by the first notch frequency of this filter. The output data can be read from the serial port randomly or periodically at any rate up to the output register update rate. The first notch of this digital filter (and therefore its –3 dB frequency) can be programmed via the setup register bits, FS0 and FS1. With a master clock frequency of 2.4576 MHz, the programmable range for this first notch frequency is from 50 Hz to 500 Hz giving a programmable range for the −3 dB frequency of 13.1 Hz to 131 Hz. With a master clock frequency of 1 MHz, the programmable range for this first notch frequency is from 20 Hz to 200 Hz giving a programmable range for the −3 dB frequency of 5.24 Hz to 52.4 Hz. The basic connection diagram for the AD7715-5 is shown in Figure 4. This shows both the AVDD and DVDD pins of the AD7715 being driven from the analog 5 V supply. Some applications have AVDD and DVDD driven from separate supplies. An AD780, precision 2.5 V reference, provides the reference source for the part. On the digital side, the part is configured for three-wire operation with CS tied to DGND. A quartz crystal or ceramic resonator provides the master clock source for the part. In most cases, it is necessary to connect capacitors on the crystal or resonator to ensure that it does not oscillate at overtones of its fundamental operating frequency. The values of capacitors vary depending on the manufacturer’s specifications. SCLK MCLK IN DGND DVDD MCLK OUT DIN DOUT AGND AIN(+) AIN(–) REF IN(+) REF IN(–) AVDD AD7715 ANALOG GROUND ANALOG GROUND DIFFERENTIAL ANALOG INPUT VOUT VIN GND AD780 ANALOG 5V SUPPLY DATA READY RECEIVE (READ) SERIAL DATA SERIAL CLOCK CRYSTAL OR CERAMIC RESONATOR 5V 10µF 0.1µF 10µF 0.1µF 0.1µF ANALOG 5V SUPPLY RESET CS DRDY Figure 4. AD7715-5 Basic Connection Diagram ANALOG INPUT Analog Input Ranges The AD7715 contains a differential analog input pair AIN(+) and AIN(−). This input pair provides a programmable-gain, differential input channel which can handle either unipolar or bipolar input signals. It should be noted that the bipolar input signals are referenced to the respective AIN(−) input of the input pair. In unbuffered mode, the common-mode range of the input is from AGND to AVDD provided that the absolute value of the analog input voltage lies between AGND − 30 mV and AVDD + 30 mV. This means that in unbuffered mode the part can handle both unipolar and bipolar input ranges for all gains. In buffered mode, the analog inputs can handle much larger source imped- ances but the absolute input voltage range is restricted to between AGND + 50 mV to AVDD − 1.5 V, which also places restrictions on the common-mode range. This means that in buffered mode there are some restrictions on the allowable gains for bipolar input ranges. Care must be taken in setting up the common- mode voltage and input voltage range so that the above limits are not exceeded, otherwise there is a degradation in linearity performance. |
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